Chapter 1: The Nature of Time

In this discussion, I propose that time (t) serves as a universal constant characterized by scale expansion (sY) of spatial dimensions, consistently equal to the speed of light (c). Furthermore, I argue that our observable universe is merely a nested component within an infinite and ever-expanding cosmos.

The core idea here is that scale expansion is the fundamental physical constant we recognize as time (t), which differs significantly from the concept of spatial expansion. The latter refers to the expansion relative to three spatial dimensions, whereas scale expansion is not merely about the change in length, volume, or area. Instead, it reflects a constant expansion of the unit of measurement itself, which we perceive solely as time.

Normal dimensional expansion (y) is easily illustrated through the addition of measurement units, such as inches in area. In contrast, scale expansion (sY) signifies the universal growth of these measurement units, which occurs imperceptibly. This phenomenon is what we refer to as the "fourth" dimension: time.

To further clarify this concept, consider an object that remains stationary in its own frame while space expands at light speed. To us, an inch seems to remain an inch, as all spatial dimensions are uniformly expanding at a constant rate (c). This leads to the idea that the current event horizon separates our scale frame from the next nested scale, where each point may eventually experience a "Big Bang" into its own unique timespace. Hence, scale expansion represents the fourth dimension—TIME—extending beyond our three spatial dimensions.

It’s important to distinguish between spatial expansion, which involves adding measurement units in three dimensions (like inches), and scale expansion, where those inches themselves are continuously growing. This universal, self-relative expansion of spatial dimensions is what we recognize as time. Time manifests as a continuous and automatic expansion of spatial distance, which is infinitely divisible and produces more distance from within, perceived only as the passage of time.

We, along with the space that separates us and our current cosmos, are all expanding at the speed of light (c). Our perception of this process is manifested as the flow of time.

Let us define: - Time = t - Expansion in area = y - Speed of light = c - Scale expansion of area = sY

Thus, we can express the relationship as: t = sYc

The expansion of scale not only gives rise to time but also creates nested cosmos structures, while also concealing parent and offspring timespaces beyond the observable horizons in both scalar directions.

The ongoing expansion of our cosmos, as well as all others—past, present, and future—creates boundaries of scale. These boundaries manifest as the fundamental dimension of time in timespace.

Time represents the expansion of scale and serves as the fourth dimension. We are all experiencing scale expansion at the speed of light, along with the cosmos itself, leading to our perception of time.

This endless scale expansion enables motion by providing access to previously unoccupied space, all within the finite limit of light speed, thus preventing the overlap of mass-energy.

Time can be understood as the ratio of scale expansion (sY) of spatial dimensions that allows for movement without necessitating the overlap of spatial locations. If expansion were absent, movement would require overlapping spatial locations of energy. When energy moves below the speed of light (c), it retains access to new scale distances through this constant expansion.

Our current cosmos defines the boundary of our timespace division, where offspring cosmos exist as non-dimensional (sub-Plank) points, similar to how our present cosmos once existed in relation to a parent "up-scale" cosmos.

The movement of energy at light speed within timespace effectively counteracts this expansion, trading dimensional location for bi-location.

It is worth noting that the scale expansion of a parent cosmos may trigger Big Bang events at the threshold of scale "un-nesting," although I will not delve into that mechanism here. Gravity is also outside the scope of this discussion, but I would suggest that less infinite interspace exists between closely positioned masses compared to those that are farther apart, impacting their probabilistic gravitational interactions. While "straight" travel in timespace may seem theoretically valid, it often lacks practical meaning, as the apparent curvature complicates true trajectories, rendering them probabilistic in nature due to the infinite divisibility of distance.